틀짜기 방식과 정원과의 관계- 한국, 중국, 일본의 정원을 중심으로 -

Abstract

In gardens, the picture frame becomes the center of interest as layering tells us how natural beauty is recognized. A garden is to confine nature. Physically making boundaries with walls is no different in the East and the West. But the appearance of the framed nature varies by country and by garden. The painting frames of gardens in Korea, China and Japan differ from one another in terms of not only their shapes but also their contents, i.e., how they express natural elements such as flowers and trees. Aesthetical experience through various ways of layering is the preferred way in the three countries’ gardens. Accordingly, this study discussed the characteristics of Korean, Chinese and Japanese gardens as art and comparatively analyzed the styles and methods of layering in these gardens. Representative layering techniques constantly present in the three countries’ gardens are shown, in Korea, through square ponds and the pillars, eaves and balustrades of upper floors. The subjects and contents of the frame are not artificial. In China, layering is shown through corridors and openwork windows. They intend to down scale vast nature and are artificial. Japanese gardens intend to keep the picture frame seen from the room constant. They calmly gaze at the scale-down nature while sitting in meditation and try to sustain certain forms and atmosphere as if they are facing paintings. The intentions of using layering techniques in gardens include: firstly, it gives space meanings to further highlight the contents in the frame. Secondly, it offers more stories to the space. The more frames, the more stories and the wider understanding of the space. Thirdly, in overall landscapes, natural aesthetics are ensured by enriching visual layers through borrowed landscapes or layering.