Apparent treatment-resistant hypertension among elderly Korean hypertensives: an insight from the HIT registry

Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine the clinical characteristics of patients with resistant hypertension (RH) and predictors among elderly Korean hypertensives. This prospective, multi-center, observational study evaluated 2439 elderly hypertensive patients between December 2008 and November 2011, who visited secondary hypertension clinics for high blood pressure (BP). Patients were categorized as resistant if their BP was >= 140/90 mm Hg and if they reported using antihypertensive medications from three different drug classes, including a diuretic or drugs from >= 4 antihypertensive drug classes, regardless of BP. Characteristics of patients with RH were compared with those of patients who were controlled with one or two antihypertensive medications after 6-month antihypertensive treatment. In comparison with 837 patients with non-RH, 404 patients with RH were more likely to be aware of their status of high BP before enrollment and have a high baseline systolic BP >= 160 mm Hg, microalbuminuria, high body mass index (BMI) >= 24 kg m(-2) and diabetes mellitus (DM). In drug-naive patients, awareness of hypertension at baseline was the only independent predictor for RH. In elderly Korean hypertensives, BMI (>= 24 kg m(-2)), baseline systolic BP (>= 160 mm Hg), microalbuminuria, DM and awareness of hypertension showed an association with RH.