On cyberattack mechanisms

Abstract

Cybercrimes and cyberattacks have become serious threats to the internet-based life and work of people and organisations. Cyberdefenders and law enforcement have been waging a losing war against the determined and clever cybercriminals and cyberwarriors. The primary elements of cyberattack include hacking, malware, and DDoS attacks. This paper provides technical descriptions of how each element of cyberattack works, and what are some of the software tools used to aid it.