지방자치단체 다문화정책의 방향설정과 지표 개발

Abstract

This study aims at comparing the multi-cultural society between Korea and Western countries, and developing multi-cultural indicators for steering immigration policies. There are some similar characteristics between Korea and Western countries but both have different cause and effect in multi-cultural society. For example, USA immigration law permits permanent settlement for foreigners but Korea immigration law prohibits permanent settlement of foreigners. USA adopts the territorial principle but Korea adopts the personal(nationality) principle. Thus, a large number of people immigrated and settled in USA. Therefore, mass(collective) immigrants are usual in USA while temporary immigrants and individual immigrants are usual in Korea. And there are great differences between urban areas and rural areas in multi-cultural society in Korea. Laborers with temporary residence are one of the main causes of multi-cultural society in urban areas of Korea while internationally married women immigrants in rural areas of Korea. And international marriage has been widespread to urban areas from rural areas. Addition to the comparison of multi-cultural society between Korea and Western countries, this paper examines multi-cultural indicators. Therefore, it is necessary to differentiate multi-cultural society policy in accordance with Korea's own traits.