Development and validation of the clinical nurses grit scale (CN-GRIT)

Abstract

Purpose: The purposes of this study were to develop a scale to measure the grit for nurses and to examine the validity and reliability of the scale. Methods: Through a literature review and focus group interviews, 28 preliminary items were selected. After a content validity examination by experts, 35 items were chosen. The questionnaire survey for this study was conducted with 330 nurses from five hospitals in A city in Korea. Among them, 305 met the inclusion criteria for analyses. Results: From the exploratory factor analysis to determine validity, three factors were drawn. The variance explanation by the three factors was 56.62%, which means that the scale explained grit in clinical nurses. The three factors were labeled as ‘sustained persistence’ (5 items), ‘consistency of interest as a nursing professional’ (5 items), and ‘Patient oriented intrinsic motivation’ (4 items). The grit for criterion-related validity showed that the correlation coefficient was .53 (p<.001), validating the developed scale. For internal consistency, Cronbach's α coefficient was .91. Conclusion: Through the development process for the instrument as described above, the clinical nurses’ grit was shown to have validity and reliability. Improving the grit of clinical nurses may contribute to prevention of turnover. © 2020 Korean Academy of Nursing Administration