Molecular systematics and historical biogeography of Maianthemum s.s.
- Authors
- Kim, Changkyun; Cameron, Kenneth M.; Kim, Joo-Hwan
- Issue Date
- Jun-2017
- Publisher
- WILEY
- Keywords
- Asparagaceae; biogeographic origin; classification system; dating analysis; intercontinental disjunction; Maianthemum s.s.; molecular phylogeny; Northern Hemisphere
- Citation
- AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY, v.104, no.6, pp.939 - 952
- Journal Title
- AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY
- Volume
- 104
- Number
- 6
- Start Page
- 939
- End Page
- 952
- URI
- https://scholarworks.bwise.kr/gachon/handle/2020.sw.gachon/6092
- DOI
- 10.3732/ajb.1600454
- ISSN
- 0002-9122
- Abstract
- PREMISE OF THE STUDY: Understanding the underlying mechanisms for the evolution of intercontinental disjunct patterns has long fascinated botanists. We present a molecular phylogenetic reconstruction of Maianthemum s.l. (including Smilacina) with a focus on Maianthemum s.s. species, which have a disjunct distribution between Eurasia and North America. Within this evolutionary framework, we clarify the systematic classification and biogeographical history of Maianthemum s.s. METHOD: Data from two nuclear and five chloroplast DNA regions were analyzed using the programs PAUP*, RAxML, MrBayes, BEAST, and RASP. KEY RESULTS: Our molecular phylogeny supports M aianthemum s.s. as monophyletic. M aianthemum bifolium and M. canadense are grouped according to their taxonomic species, but the accessions of M. dilatatum are divided into two well-defined groups, i.e., one comprising western North American accessions, and the other composed of northeast Asian accessions. Molecular dating and biogeographic reconstructions suggest a northeast Asian origin for Maianthemum s.s. and that a complicated pattern of divergent evolution began approximately in the late Miocene. Intercontinental disjunctions of Maianthemum s.s. in the Northern Hemisphere appear to have occurred two times during the Pliocene. CONCLUSIONS: Based on our results, two possible ways to treat Maianthemum s.s. species can be envisioned: (1) elevate Asian populations of M. dilatatum to specific rank; or (2) combine the three Maianthemum s.s. species into a broadly defined single species. We recommend treatment of Maianthemum s.s. as a single species. The biogeographic patterns of Maianthemum s.s. coupled with molecular dating suggest both vicariance and long-distance dispersal events as key mechanisms for diversification of the clade.
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