COVID-19 치료제로서 렘데시비르의 유효성 및 안전성에 대한 문헌고찰

Abstract

Remdesivir is a nucleotide analog that demonstrates antiviral activity by decreasing viral RNA production insidethe host cells. In this literature review, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of remdesivir in the treatment ofCOVID-19. A total of 168 articles were identified in the Pubmed and Embase databases. Six clinical trial articles (twoplacebo-controlled and four open-labeled) and two re-analysis articles were selected for this review. Evaluation of efficacyin the two placebo-controlled prospective trials showed contradictory results. However, re-analysis of the clinical trialsrevealed that remdesivir was significantly effective in treating moderately severe COVID-19, while it failed to be effectivein the treatment of the critically ill patient subgroup, requiring invasive mechanical ventilation. To treat moderately severeCOVID-19 disease, a 5-day treatment is recommended since there was no significant difference between the 5-day and10-day regimens. Severe adverse events were more frequently reported in the placebo group than in the remdesivir groupbecause adequate COVID-19 treatment was not provided to the placebo group. Although remdesivir is a single option inthe treatment of COVID-19 currently, clinicians should be aware of the risk of possible fatal side effects that have not yetbeen reported. Further studies are warranted to establish the efficacy and safety of remdesivir in the treatment of COVID-19.