Anti-obesity Effect of Cold Nanoparticles from Dendropanax morbifera Leveille by Suppression of Triglyceride Synthesis and Davvnregulation of PPAR gamma and CEBP alpha Signaling Pathways in 3T3-L1 Mature Adipocytes and HepG2 Cells

Abstract

Background: Biosynthesis of gold nanoparticles from medicinal plants has become an interesting strategy in biomedical research due to its exclusive properties including less toxic cellular level through its ecofriendly biological function. Objective: To examine the anti-lipid accumulation effect of spherical gold nanoparticles (size 10-20 nm) synthesized from Dendropanax morbifera Lewdle (D-AuNPs) in both 3T3-L1 and IlepG2 cells. Methods: 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and HepG2 hepatocytes were stimulated with cocktail media to generate obese and fatty liver disease models. Cell cytotoxicity and cell proliferation assays were performed in adipocytes at different stages of growth. An anti-lipid accumulation assay was performed in 3T3-L1 obese and HepG2 fatty liver models using different doses of D-AuNPs. Expression of adipogenic genes of PPAR gamma, CEBP alpha, Jak2, STAT3, and ap2 and hepatogenic genes PPAR alpha, FAS, and ACC was measured by real-time PCR. In addition, protein expression of PPAR gamma and CEBPa was evaluated by immunoblotting assay. Results: We found that D-AuNPs (size 10-20 nm) at concentrations up to 100 p.g/ml were nontoxic to 3T3-L1 and HepG2 at post-confluent and mature stages. In addition, pretreatment of D-AuNPs at post-confluent stage reduced triglyceride content. In addition, the adipogenesis process was negatively controlled by D-AuNPs, with downregulated PPAR gamma, CEBP alpha, Jak2, STAT3, and ap2 expression in 3T3-L1 cells and FAS and ACC levels in HepG2 cells. Conclusion: These data indicated that D-AuNPs exert antiadipogenic properties. We hypothesize that Dendropanax contains a large amount of phenolic compound that coats the surface of gold nanoparticles and has the ability to reduce the excess amount of lipid in both cell lines.