Fast Saccadic Eye Movements Contribute to the Worsened Postural Sway in Older Adults Who Have Experienced Falls

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to examine changes and between-group differences in postural sway during saccadic eye movement in older adults (n = 152). The participants were stratified into older adults who have experienced a fall (n = 58) (faller group) and those who have not (n = 94) (non-faller group). We measured postural sway during saccadic eye movement. Saccadic eye movement speed was such that the target was displayed at 0.5 Hz, 2 Hz, and 3 Hz. Postural sway was measured based on path length, velocity, and length between the maximal and minimal position of center of pressure in mediolateral and anteroposterior direction. In the faller group, path length, velocity, and mediolateral displacement of the center of pressure increased significantly during 3 Hz saccadic eye movement stimulation. However, in the non-faller group, there was no significant change in the center of pressure parameters during saccadic eye movement stimulation. Mediolateral displacement of the center of pressure increased significantly in both groups during saccadic eye movement, especially at 3 Hz. Therefore, rapid saccadic eye movement stimulation can contribute to the worsened postural sway in older adults who have experienced falls, and rapid external environmental stimuli may contribute to the deterioration of the upright standing stability in older adults.