Controlled Mutual Diffusion between Fullerene and Conjugated Polymer Nanopillars in Ordered Heterojunction Solar Cells
- Authors
- Ko, Jongkuk; Song, Jiyun; Yoon, Hyunsik; Kim, Taeyong; Lee, Changhee; Berger, Ruediger; Char, Kookheon
- Issue Date
- Aug-2016
- Publisher
- WILEY-BLACKWELL
- Keywords
- conductive scanning force microscopy; grazing incidence X-ray scattering; nanoimprint lithography; organic photovoltaics; nanopillar(s)
- Citation
- ADVANCED MATERIALS INTERFACES, v.3, no.16
- Journal Title
- ADVANCED MATERIALS INTERFACES
- Volume
- 3
- Number
- 16
- URI
- https://scholarworks.bwise.kr/gachon/handle/2020.sw.gachon/87578
- DOI
- 10.1002/admi.201600264
- ISSN
- 2196-7350
- Abstract
- A new approach is presented to control the nanomorphology of organic solar cells in a predictable, controllable, and easily-scalable way. The nanoimprint lithography (NIL) is combined with a subsequent molecular diffusion step controlled by thermal annealing. The new approach is realized by using nanointerdigitated donor-acceptor structure, consisting of poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) nanopillar arrays surrounded by phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester. Subsequent thermal annealing leads to vertically aligned ordered quasi-bulk heterojunctions with hierarchical nanostructure. The changes are studied in nanostructural and electrical properties of the pillar samples using scanning probe microscopy. In addition, grazing-incidence small and wide angle X-ray scattering yield detailed quantitative information on the molecular- to domain-scale nanostructures. The changes in crystal size, chain orientation, and domain composition as a function of thermal anneal temperature and time are obtained. In addition, the conductive scanning force microscopy in quantitative imaging mode, applied to the pillar-based samples for the first time, allows us to establish a clear relationship between nanomorphology, nanoelectrical property, and macroscale device performance. It is believed that the NIL combined with controlled molecular diffusion is a powerful method, which could be easily extended to other materials and processes to realize a whole variety of other hierarchical nanomorphologies.
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