나노기술 기반 약물전달시스템 연구의 최근 동향

Abstract

The term “drug delivery system (DDS)” refers to a group of technologies for efficiently managing the distribu tion of pharmacologically active medicines to target cells and tissues in vivo. The use of appropriate DDS can enhance the activity, stability, and permeability of pharmaceuticals, as well as their side effects can be reduced by treating only the targeted location and keeping the drug levels below the dan gerous threshold in physiological fluids. In particular, materi als derived from nanotechnology have received a considerable attention in DDS due to their distinctive advantages, includ ing high loading capacity, effective targeting by the large sur face area and abundant surface moieties, unique control of the drug release via a variety of physicochemical stimuli (pH, ionic concentration, heat, light, and chemicals), and efficient delivery of the drug via material-induced penetration through cell or skin membranes. In this review, recent studies on nano technology-based DDS, including the benefits of using nano structured materials in DDS, representative recent nanostructures like lipid nanoparticles and exosomes, as well as DDS that uses nanoparticles to perform multiple functions and nano (micro)needles to deliver the drugs transdermally. Current challenges and prospects for the utilization of nanotechnol ogy in DDS are also discussed.