Synergistic versus Additive Effect of Active Molecular Chitosan with Biochemical Compounds of Sorghum bicolor

Abstract

The synergistic or additive effect of active molecular chitosan (AMC) with Sorghum bicolor ethanol extract (ES) and fermentative supernatant was invesigated in this study. ES had 29% less content of phenolic compounds, 78% less contents of total carbohydrates containing reducing sugars, and 56% less tannin contents than that of S. bicolor fermentative supernatant (SF). It has shown the significantly higher antioxidant activity than SF and other fermantative substances (S and Y). These results suggest that flavonoid in the ES may be the key molecule as it contains 28% higher concentration of flavonoids than SF and Y substances and hence ES showed the remarkablely higher specific activity of whitenning effect. Further more SF was selected for heat stability studies, tyrosinase inhibitory, and antibacterial activity in the presence or absence of active molecular chitosan (AMC). Although less significant synergistic antibacterial activity of SF toward Candida albicans in the presence of AMC was observed, both substances still can be useful as antioxidant or whitenning substances in combination with AMC. whereas a strong antibacterial activity of AMC toward Candica albicans was observed, and also is one of the ingredients in functional food and cosmaceutical compounds with potential health-promoting properties.