https://scholarworks.bwise.kr/hanyang/handle/2021.sw.hanyang/360 Sat, 04 Jul 2026 05:57:24 GMT 2026-07-04T05:57:24Z https://scholarworks.bwise.kr/hanyang/handle/2021.sw.hanyang/217892 Title: The surface-agnostic advantage for peri-implant health: UV photofunctionalization as a positive-sum strategy for biofilm suppression and soft-tissue barrier-a systematic review with qualitative synthesis Authors: Komatsu, Keiji; Kim, Jasper; Her, Nicholas; Alpers, Ryan; Saito, Natsumi; Shibata, Rune; Fedorowicz, Irina; Kim, Sei Jin; Kim, Naryung; Lu, Tammy; Tran, Andrew; Lim, Jisub; Sakaguchi, Wakako; Sato, Takuma; Haga, Shugo; Matsuura, Takanori; Park, Wonhee; Ogawa, Takahiro Abstract: PurposeLong-term dental implant success depends on a biologic "race to the surface," in which osteogenic cells, peri-implant soft-tissue cells, and bacterial pathogens compete for early dominance at the implant-tissue interface. Because implant surface design is often optimized for one objective at the expense of another (e.g., micro-roughness to accelerate osteoconductivity but with increased plaque-retention risk; relatively smooth transmucosal surfaces to discourage bacterial attachment despite uncertainty regarding optimal soft-tissue integration), strategies that enhance peri-implant health without forcing topographical trade-offs are needed. Ultraviolet (UV) photofunctionalization-by removing storage-acquired hydrocarbons ("biological aging") and converting surfaces to a high-energy, superhydrophilic state-has been proposed as a chairside, topography-preserving approach to improve interfacial biology. This systematic review evaluates whether UV photofunctionalization of titanium and zirconia surfaces provides clinically relevant advantages for (1) reduction of bacterial attachment and biofilm formation, (2) peri-implant soft-tissue responses relevant to mucosal sealing, and (3) human clinical outcomes.MethodsAfter systematic literature search, screening and full-text evaluation, a total of 34 articles, including 9 bacterial/biofilm, 13 soft-tissue (1 overlapping between bacterial and soft-tissue), and 13 clinical studies were selected. Findings were synthesized qualitatively with attention to protocol heterogeneity (UV wavelength band, exposure duration, device configuration, and material and surface types).ResultsAcross experimental models, UV photofunctionalization most consistently reduced early bacterial attachment and/or early biofilm accumulation across several titanium surface topographies, supporting an early anti-adhesive and biofilm-suppressive phenotype. Soft-tissue studies generally demonstrated enhanced fibroblast/epithelial attachment, spreading, and functional behaviors relevant to sealing on both titanium and zirconia, although the optimal underlying topography for soft-tissue integration remains unresolved. Clinically, the most consistent signal was accelerated and enhanced implant stability development, while selected studies also suggested favorable trends in peri-implant soft-tissue parameters and/or crestal bone maintenance. However, clinical outcomes remained variable and were limited by heterogeneity in UV protocols, surface systems, endpoints, and follow-up duration.ConclusionsUV photofunctionalization can be conceptualized as a surface-agnostic physicochemical reactivation technology: a topography-preserving enhancement that restores high surface energy and favorable surface chemistry without altering the underlying surface architecture. Current evidence for this concept is strongest for titanium, whereas supportive evidence for zirconia is emerging primarily from soft-tissue and interface-focused models. This interface-first, positive-sum strategy may allow clinicians to select zone-specific topographies (e.g., smooth transmucosal regions and rough endosteal regions) while maximizing soft-tissue affinity and suppressing early colonization. Although current clinical evidence most strongly supports accelerated osseointegration/stability development, further longitudinal studies with standardized peri-implant health, microbiologic, and mucosal inflammatory endpoints are needed to clarify the long-term translational impact of UV photofunctionalization on peri-implant disease prevention. Mon, 01 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://scholarworks.bwise.kr/hanyang/handle/2021.sw.hanyang/217892 2026-06-01T00:00:00Z https://scholarworks.bwise.kr/hanyang/handle/2021.sw.hanyang/210366 Title: Maxillary sinus hypoplasia relevant to dental implant treatment: a narrative review Authors: Park, Won-Bae; Sadilina, Sofya; Han, Jiyoung; Thoma, Daniel Stefan; Lim, Hyun-chang Abstract: This comprehensive narrative review provides an overview of the current scientific evidence regarding maxillary sinus hypoplasia (MSH). This review highlights several variants of MSH that are relevant to implant planning and treatment in daily clinical practice. MSH is characterized by a reduction in sinus volume, which contrasts with maxillary sinus pneumatization, a condition that has received more clinical attention. Nevertheless, certain types of MSH can significantly impact implant surgery and the management of associated complications. The maxillary sinus volume can be affected by factors such as infection, trauma, genetic predispositions, and changes within the sinus or adjacent anatomical structures, including the nasal cavity and the ethmoid sinus. In cases of MSH, the maxillary sinus floor is positioned more cranially than the nasal floor, and the distance between the lamina papyracea of the eye and the middle meatus antrostomy point increases horizontally. Several variants of MSH potentially affect implant therapy. Chronic maxillary sinus atelectasis, which results from persistent ostium blockage, may have clinical implications, particularly when implant-related infections occur in the MS. Inferior meatus pneumatization involves a lateral expansion of the nasal cavity, requiring a nasal floor elevation procedure when placing implants in the posterior maxilla. Additionally, the formation of an ethmomaxillary sinus may create a septum-like structure in the distal area of the maxillary sinus, necessitating two separate bone access windows during the sinus floor elevation procedure. Given these considerations, it is crucial for clinicians to be aware of MSH. Accurate diagnosis of MSH requires the use of 3-dimensional radiography techniques, such as cone-beam computed tomography. Mon, 01 Dec 2025 00:00:00 GMT https://scholarworks.bwise.kr/hanyang/handle/2021.sw.hanyang/210366 2025-12-01T00:00:00Z https://scholarworks.bwise.kr/hanyang/handle/2021.sw.hanyang/211724 Title: Enhanced functionality and migration of human gingival fibroblasts on vacuum ultraviolet light-treated titanium: An implication for mitigating cellular stress to improve peri-implant cellular reaction Authors: Matsuura, Takanori; Komatsu, Keiji; Suzumura, Toshikatsu; Stavrou, Stella; Juanatas, Mary Lou; Park, Wonhee; Ogawa, Takahiro Abstract: Purpose: The maintenance of peri-implant health relies significantly on the integrity of the peri-implant seal, particularly vulnerable at the interface between implant abutment and soft tissue. Early healing stages around implants involve cellular exposure to oxidative stress. This study aimed to investigate whether vacuum ultraviolet (VUV)-treated titanium augments the growth and functionality of human gingival fibroblasts while mitigating cellular stress. Methods: Machined titanium plates underwent treatment with 172 nm VUV light for one minute, with untreated plates as controls. Human gingival fibroblasts were cultured on treated and untreated plates, and their behavior, growth, and functionality were assessed. Functionally impaired fibroblasts, treated with hydrogen peroxide, were also cultured on these titanium plates, and plate-to-plate transmigration ability was evaluated. Results: Fibroblasts on VUV-treated titanium exhibited a 50% reduction in intracellular reactive oxygen species production compared to controls. Additionally, glutathione, an antioxidant, remained undepleted in cells on VUV-treated titanium. Furthermore, the expression levels of inflammatory cytokines IL-1 beta and IL-8 decreased by 40-60% on VUV-treated titanium. Consequently, fibroblast attachment and proliferation doubled on VUV-treated titanium compared to those in the controls, leading to enhanced cell retention. Plate-to-plate transmigration assays demonstrated that fibroblasts migrated twice as far on VUV-treated surfaces compared to those in the controls. In particular, the transmigration ability, impaired in functionally impaired fibroblasts on the controls, was preserved on VUV-treated titanium. Conclusions: VUV-treated titanium promotes the growth, function, and migration of human gingival fibroblasts by reducing cellular stress and enhancing antioxidative capacity. Notably, the transmigration ability significantly improved on VUV-treated titanium. Fri, 01 Aug 2025 00:00:00 GMT https://scholarworks.bwise.kr/hanyang/handle/2021.sw.hanyang/211724 2025-08-01T00:00:00Z https://scholarworks.bwise.kr/hanyang/handle/2021.sw.hanyang/212651 Title: In Vitro Analysis of Structural Integrity and Surface Alterations of Reused Healing Abutments Authors: Lee, Won-Woo; Jun, Jong-Hun; Lee, Jeong-Hun; Ryu, Soorack; Hwang, Kyung-Gyun; Park, Chang-Joo Abstract: Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the changes in healing abutments (HAs) after use based on an in vitro comparison with unused HAs and to evaluate the effectiveness and clinical implications of reusing HAs. Materials and Methods: Fifty used HAs were collected from affiliated clinics of the Department of Dentistry at Hanyang University Hospital and analyzed for surface damage, protein contamination, and microgap formation using three-dimensional laser microscopy and microcomputed tomography. The interfacial microgap between the implant and the abutment was measured at different tightening torques (5 N·cm, 10 N·cm, and 15 N·cm). Additionally, bacterial leakage and growth at various tightening torques were assessed by incubating reused HAs over different time periods. Results: Reused HAs exhibited significant surface roughness, protein contamination, and larger microgap compared to unused HAs. The average microgap for reused HAs was 43 μm, whereas unused HAs showed no detectable gap. Bacterial leakage was significantly higher with reused HAs, particularly in those subjected to more than two tightening cycles. Tightening torques of 15 N·cm effectively eliminated the microgap and minimized bacterial leakage, whereas lower torques (5 N·cm and 10 N·cm) resulted in considerable bacterial growth. Conclusion: Reusing HAs increases the risk of surface damage, protein contamination, microgap formation, and bacterial leakage, potentially compromising implant treatment outcomes. Higher tightening torque, (15 N·cm) significantly reduces microgap and bacterial leakage at the implant - HA imterface. Clinicians are advised to limit the reuse of HAs. However, if reuse is necessary, an appropriate tightening torque should be applied following a careful assessment of the clinical conditions of each HA. Sun, 01 Jun 2025 00:00:00 GMT https://scholarworks.bwise.kr/hanyang/handle/2021.sw.hanyang/212651 2025-06-01T00:00:00Z