Impact of age on stage-specific mortality in patients with gastric cancer: A long-term prospective cohort study

Abstract

Controversies exist regarding the impact of age on gastric cancer-related mortality according to cancer stage. In our prospective cohort study, we evaluated the impact of age on stage-specific mortality in patients with gastric cancer. Between 2002 and 2006, patients with newly diagnosed gastric cancer were recruited from two university-affiliated hospitals in Korea. Follow-up data were updated regularly based on medical records and telephone surveys. Patients were classified into four subgroups according to age: < 50, 50-59, 60-69, and 70-79 years. A total of 448 patients were followed up for 81.6 months (interquartile range, 25.0-139.3 months). The number of patients with stage I, II, III, and IV disease was 247, 74, 88, and 39, respectively. Overall, age was an independent risk factor for gastric cancer-specific mortality (hazard ratio [HR], [95% confidence interval (CI)]: 1.53 [0.91-2.57], 1.88 [1.21-2.91], and 2.64 [1.69-4.14] in the 50-59, 60-69, and 70-79 years groups, respectively, with the < 50 years group as reference). In patients with stage I and II gastric cancer, the 70-79 years group was associated with a significantly higher rate of cancer-specific mortality than the < 50 years group (stage I: HR [95% CI], 9.55 [2.11-43.12]; stage II: HR [95% CI], 7.17 [2.32-22.18]). However, age was not an independently associated factor for cancer-specific mortality in patients with stage III and IV gastric cancer. Although age was an independent risk factor for gastric cancer-related mortality in patients with gastric cancer, its impact may differ depending on the stage of cancer.