Is innovation design- or technology-driven? Citation as a measure of innovation pollination

Abstract

The present study suggests a cross-citation measure comprised of design and utility patents and proposes a model of innovation pollination. The case of Dyson Ltd. provides empirical evidence of how a design-led, a technology-led, or a cross-pollinating innovation can function in the product innovation. Our findings reveal that the evolution of innovation pollination has distinguishing features according to the product category and the function of the company's prior innovation experience. Dyson's renowned bladeless fans and its bagless vacuum cleaners have been strongly driven by design and technology innovation, such cross-pollination is infrequent. We further discuss the implications technology, design, and innovation management strategy.