Energy Management Agent Frameworks: Scalable, Flexible, and Efficient Architectures for 5G Vertical Industries

Abstract

This article contributes to state-of-the-art energy management agent (EMA) standards, an emerging re ference model, and its framework architectures. EMA can collect energy demand and autonomously manage energy consumption/generation in energy systems. The EMA reference model provides guidance on whether EMA is the right technology for the energy management framework (EMF) of heterogeneous energy systems. The EMA framework architecture details how EMAs can be harmonized to enable cooperative energy management using the technology of the service-oriented holonic multiagent approach. The EMA framework provides a scalable, flexible, and efficient-energy management architecture in the 5G vertical industry to enable Industry 4.0.