Tuning the sphere-to-rod transition in the self-assembly of thermoresponsive polymer hybrids

Abstract

Nano-scale drug delivery systems have undergone extensive development, and control of size and structure is critical for regulation of their biological responses and therapeutic efficacy. Amphiphilic polymers that form self-assembled structures in aqueous media have been investigated and used for the diagnosis and therapy of various diseases, including cancer. Here, we report the design and fabrication of thermoresponsive polymeric micelles from alginate conjugated with poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm). Alginate-PNIPAAm hybrids formed self-aggregated structures in response to temperature changes near body temperature. A structural transition from micellar spheres to rods of alginate-PNIPAAm hybrids was observed depending on the molecular weight of PNIPAAm and the polymer concentration. Additionally, hydrogels with nanofibrous structures were formed by simply increasing the polymer concentration. This approach to controlling the structure of polymer micelles from nanoparticles to fibrous hydrogels may be useful in applications in drug delivery and tissue engineering.