비알코올 지방간 질환의 생활습관 치료

Abstract

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common form of chronic liver disease. The prevalence of NAFLD isgrowing gradually worldwide with increases in obesity, sedentary lifestyles, and an unbalanced diet. NAFLD ranges from simplesteatosis without inflammation to steatohepatitis that can progress to cirrhosis. There is no single effective treatment that haswidespread effects in NAFLD. The cornerstone of treatment is lifestyle modification, including weight reduction, diet, and physicalactivity. An approximately 7-10% weight reduction via diet or physical activity can improve the liver histopathology. Risk factorsfor NAFLD include a high-calorie diet, high-lipid diet, high-carbohydrate diet, saturated fatty acids, trans fatty acids, cholesterol,high fructose intake, and low-choline diet. Factors that protect against NAFLD include a low-calorie diet, low-carbohydrate diet,low-lipid diet, monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), dietary fiber, coffee, green tea, and lightalcohol consumption. Physical activity also helps to manage NAFLD with or without weight reduction. Recent reports found thatresistance training is as effective as aerobic training. Lifestyle modification has very low compliance. To maintain a treatmentprogram, a multidisciplinary team approach is required that includes physicians, dietitians, physical trainers, and psychologists.