Frequency Characteristics of BEMF, Cogging Torque and UMF in a HDD Spindle Motor due to Unevenly Magnetized PM

Abstract

This research mathematically derives the frequency equations of back electromotive force (BEMF), cogging torque and unbalanced magnetic force (UMF) of a brushless DC (BLDC) motor due to unevenly magnetized permanent magnet (PM). The proposed mathematical equations are experimentally validated by comparing with the measured BEMF, cogging torque and UMF of a hard disk drive (HDD) spindle motor with 12 poles and 9 slots (12P9S). Only 3-multiple harmonics originated from uneven magnetization of the PM in the spindle motor with 12P9S introduce same frequency components to BEMF and slot-multiple harmonics to cogging torque, respectively. However, other harmonics of the uneven magnetization of PM except the 3-multiple harmonics introduce slot-multiple +/- 1 harmonics to UMF.