Effect of Al concentration on the structural and optical properties of Al-doped ZnO nanorods grown on indium-tin-oxide-coated glass substrates by using a templateless electrochemical deposition method

Abstract

Al-doped ZnO (AZO) nanorods were formed on indium-tin-oxide (ITO)-coated glass substrates by using a templateless electrochemical deposition method. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy spectra showed that the stoichiometry of the samples were Al 2p, Zn 2p, and O 1s peaks, indicative of the formation of AZO nanorods. Scanning electron microscopy images showed that the density of the AZO nanorods decreased with increasing Al concentration. X-ray diffraction patterns showed that the d-spacing of the (002) plane for the AZO nanorods decreased with increasing Al concentration. Photoluminescence spectra for the AZO nanorods formed on the ITO-coated glass substrates showed that the dominant emission peak related to the band-to-band transitions shifted to a higher wavelength side with increasing Al concentration.