게오르기 구르지예프의 철학과 수행에 내재된 유라시아적 특성 연구

Abstract

This article is focused to analyze and demonstrate the Eurasian traits in the ideas and practice of G. Gurdjieff, one of the forerunners who introduced Eastern wisdom to the Western world. What Gurdjieff had found in the course of his discipline was the fact that human consciousness is asleep. It is the fundamental problem of humans that he realized while in contact with the essence of human life through the teachings of various religions, including Islam, Buddhism, Sufism, and the Russian Orthodoxy. Therefore, to awake in order to regain consciousness was for him the only way given to humans to recover their inherent value. This may be one of the causes for him to propose ‘the fourth way’ as a practice system awakening human consciousness as well as to re-establish the origin of the ancient wisdom and meditation, such as Enneagram, Sacred dance. In the process, Gurdjieff converges various spiritual traditions and disciplinary systems from Asia and Europe, establishing a unified system. He emphasized the harmony of the three energy centers of human body based on the Russian Orthodox Church tradition in Enneagram, while elaborating the system of western Dalcroze eurhythmics in Sacred dance. Gurdjieff presented the idea of pure experience of un-differentiation, a state of oneness without the distinction between you and me, nature and me, and cosmos and me. His thoughts have greater meaning that he suggested the possibility of self-transcendence, which is one of the main areas of today’s transpersonal psychology.