간질환과 영양

Abstract

Malnutrition is very commonly seen in end stage liver disease. More than 65% of patients with chronic liver disease and more than 90% of patients with end-stage liver disease suffer malnutrition. Multiple reports have clearly shown that malnourishment is a relevant factor in complications and mortality due to chronic liver disease. It is essential that all patients with chronic liver disease have a full assessment of nutritional status at presentation. Supplementary enteral nutrition is indicated when chronic liver disease patients are unable to meet their nutritional requirements in their usual daily diet. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is another type of chronic liver condition characterized by overnutrition and ectopic hepatic fat accumulation and/or hepatic inflammation. Patients diagnosed with obesity, insulin resistance, and/or dyslipidemia are at the greatest risk for developing or having NAFLD. A recent hypothesis is that NAFLD is one manifestation of metabolic syndrome or insulin resistance. Unfortunately, there is no consensus as to what dietary approach is most beneficial for preventing the progression of NAFLD. It seems likely that there will not be any single correct dietary plan for all NAFLD patients, so that diet and life-style modifications will best be tailored for the individual needs of the patient.