Morphology controlled 1D Pt nanostructures synthesized by galvanic displacement of Cu nanowires in chloroplatinic acid

Abstract

One-dimensional platinum (Pt) nanostructures with different shape, size, and morphology were synthesized by galvanic displacement of sacrificial Cu nanowires in chloroplatinic acid baths. By increasing the concentration of H2PtCl6, the morphology of Pt nanostructures greatly altered from Pt nanoparticles decorated Cu nanowires, Pt coated Cu core-shell nanowires, dense Pt nanotubes to porous Pt nanotubes. At low concentration of H2PtCl6 (< 1 mM), the Pt content monotonically increased with an increase in [H2PtCl6] (upto approx. 80 at.%). The Pt content became independent of [H2PtCl6] at higher concentration. The average external diameter and wall thickness of Pt nanotubes decreased with increasing [H2PtCl6] suggesting that the dissolution of copper is strongly dependent on [Cl-], which led to changes in the morphology of Pt nanostructures. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.