Facile synthesis and the exploration of the zinc storage mechanism of β-MnO2 nanorods with exposed (101) planes as a novel cathode material for high performance eco-friendly zinc-ion batteries
- Authors
- Islam, Saiful; Alfaruqi, Muhammad Hilmy; Mathew, Vinod; Song, Jinju; Kim, Sungjin; Kim, Seokhun; Jo, Jeonggeun; Baboo, Joseph Paul; Pham, Duong Tung; Putro, Dimas Yunianto; Sun, Yang-Kook; Kim, Jaekook
- Issue Date
- Nov-2017
- Publisher
- ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
- Citation
- JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A, v.5, no.44, pp.23299 - 23309
- Indexed
- SCIE
SCOPUS
- Journal Title
- JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A
- Volume
- 5
- Number
- 44
- Start Page
- 23299
- End Page
- 23309
- URI
- https://scholarworks.bwise.kr/hanyang/handle/2021.sw.hanyang/18684
- DOI
- 10.1039/c7ta07170a
- ISSN
- 2050-7488
- Abstract
- Aqueous Zn-ion batteries (ZIBs) have emerged as promising and eco-friendly next-generation energy storage systems to substitute lithium-ion batteries. Therefore, discovering new electrode materials for ZIBs with high performance and unraveling their electrochemical reactions during Zn-ion insertion/extraction are of great interest. Here, we present, for the first time, tunnel-type β-MnO2 nanorods with exposed (101) planes, prepared via a facile microwave-assisted hydrothermal synthesis within only 10 min, for use as a high performance cathode for ZIBs. In contrast to its bulk counterpart, which showed no electrochemical reactivity, the present β-MnO2 nanorod electrode exhibited a high discharge capacity of 270 mA h g−1 at 100 mA g−1, high rate capability (123 and 86 mA h g−1 at 528 and 1056 mA g−1, respectively), and long cycling stability (75% capacity retention with 100% coulombic efficiency at 200 mA g−1) over 200 cycles. The Zn-ion storage mechanism of the cathode was also unraveled using in situ synchrotron, ex situ X-ray diffraction, ex situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and ex situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy. Our present study indicates that Zn intercalation occurred via a combination of solid solution and conversion reactions. During initial cycles, the β-MnO2 cathode was able to maintain its structure; however, after prolonged cycles, it transformed into a spinel structure. The present results challenge the common views on the β-MnO2 electrode and pave the way for the further development of ZIBs as cost-effective and environmentally friendly next-generation energy storage systems.
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