모바일 폰 기반 패널자료를 활용한 COVID-19 긴급재난문자가 유동인구에 미치는 차별적 영향 실증

Abstract

본 연구는 COVID-19 긴급재난문자에서 확진자가 발생했을때 확진자의 거주지 혹은 직장과 같이 관련된 공간적 정보를 시군구 단위로 제공할 때보다 법정동 단위와 같이 보다 구체적으로 제공할 때, 유동인구의 감소가 효과적일 것으로 예상하고, 이러한효과가 성·연령별로 어떠한 차이를 가질지에 대해서 실증해보고자 한다. 본 연구를 통하여 COVID-19 예방에 있어서 보다 효과적인 정보공개범위 설정과 성·연령별 차별적 방역 대책 수립에기여하고자 한다.

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on daily life in Korea. During the pandemic, spatial information on the confirmed cases provided through emergency alert texts on mobile phones played a crucial role in reducing the spread of COVID-19 by containing the floating population immediately. However, due to the concern of an invasion of privacy, the scope of spatial information on confirmed cases had been changed from the neighborhood (dong) unit to the municipal (si/gun/gu) unit, which might have reduced the efficiency of emergency text messages during the pandemic. This study explores the impact of the change in the spatial range of COVID-19 emergency alert texts on the change in the floating population and identifies differentiating impacts by gender and age. The methodology adopted in the study is a dynamic panel modeling that can control the lag effect of the dependent variable while observing the lag effect of the independent variable in the panel data. Our analysis results indicate that the immediate decrease in the floating population was more pronounced when the provision was made in the neighborhood (dong) unit rather than the municipal (si/gun/gu) unit. In addition, the study confirms that the effects could be differentiated by age and gender. Specifically, the floating population decreased significantly and immediately in the 30s rather than in the 10s and 20s. The decrease in the floating population due to the emergency alert texts was greater in men than women. In conclusion, the study found that the effect of the COVID-19 emergency alert texts could be essential and immediate in providing specific information about the location of a COVID-19 outbreak, and that this effect is differentiated by age and gender.