Spectral quasi-linearization and response optimization on magnetohydrodynamic flow via stenosed artery with hybrid and ternary solid nanoparticles: Support vector machine learning

Abstract

Advancements in nanotechnology have revolutionized the field of biomedical applications. Nanoparticles of molybdenum disulphide, copper, silver, aluminium oxide, and carbon nanotubes exhibit significant anticancer and antimicrobial properties. In this study, blood flow through cosine-shaped stenotic arteries was mathematically modelled and examined in an aligned magnetic field, radiation, and nanoparticles. Comparisons were made between the hybrid nanofluid flow in the cosine-shaped stenosis artery and other blood vessels for two cases: Case 1 - Blood + Cu + MOS 2 + Al 2 O 3 \text{Blood}+\text{Cu}+{\text{MOS}}_{\text{2}}+{\text{Al}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O}}_{\text{3}} , and Case 2 - Blood + Ag + SWCNT + MWCNT \text{Blood}+\text{Ag}+\text{SWCNT}+\text{MWCNT} . The flow governing equations are transformed into ODEs and solved numerically using spectral quasi-linearization with MATLAB (SQLM). Expressions for the temperature, velocity profile, and numerical and graphical representations were used to calculate and assess the Nusselt number and skin friction. The investigation was validated by comparing it with the published work. It was found that the Cu + MOS 2 + Al 2 O 3 \text{Cu}+{\text{MOS}}_{\text{2}}+{\text{Al}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O}}_{\text{3}} combination effectively enhanced heat transmission in blood with improved radiation parameters and flow constraints, and the Ag + SWCNT + MWCNT \text{Ag}+\text{SWCNT}+\text{MWCNT} combination effectively enhanced heat transmission in blood with improvement in magnetic parameters. This finding might be helpful in investigations on nano-haemodynamics and the therapy of haemodynamic disorders.