Bioconvection flow of Prandtl nanomaterial due to stretched cylinder enclosed through Darcy Forchheimer flow with triple stratification

Abstract

Heat transmission has emerged as an obstacle in numerous areas of technology, particularly thermal exchangers, electronic devices, and biochemical and biological incubators, among others. Nanofluids, known as novel heat transfer fluids, can be perceived as useful methods of transferring more energy. This improvement is occurring as effective thermal conductivity improves and fluids move significantly. This work examines the transfer of heat and mass effectiveness in Prandtl nanomaterial with gyrotactic microbes. The stratification and velocity slip conditions across the stretchable cylinder's surface have been considered for exploration in the presence of the Darcy Forchheimer flow. Steady flow with mass and heat transfer is described with a Rivlin-Ericksen tensor, curvature parameter, chemical reactive parameter, roughness of wall parameter, concentration stratification parameter, wall thermal stratification parameter, and motile stratification parameter. The developed associated complex time-independent constitution equations are converted to their dimensionless form using the proper similarity alteration and then tackled by Matlab-based BVP4C technique. Graphs are included using the numerical approach and results for authorizing engineering variables such as the drag friction, the rate of heat, mass as well as motile microorganisms are discussed. This study concluded that fluid flow velocity intensification through increasing viscoelastic variables and curvature variables while diminishes with the growth of porosity variable and inertia coefficient. As the Brownian number increases, thermophoretic and radiated variables increase heat profiles while decreasing concentration profiles. Furthermore, the density of motile microbe diminutions as the Peclet variable increases.