Next-generation circular waste biorefineries based on biogas utilization using renewable energy: Process composition and economic analysis

Abstract

The integration of waste-to-energy processes with CO₂ reduction and renewable energy storage was investigated. Here, we demonstrate a waste biorefinery that utilize biogas, which was previously used only for thermal energy. High value-added chemicals such as succinic acid, polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) and synthetic natural gas can be produced by industrial microorganism from food waste and renewable energy. Water electrolysis facilities accounted for a significant portion of the investment cost. However, the rising demand for bioplastics helped shorten the payback period despite their relatively high price. The quantity and economic feasibility of final products changed according to the order of the process, and the possibility of circular waste biorefinery based on the use of biogas using renewable energy was suggested.