Cooperative Resource Status Exchange for Reliable Vehicular Sidelink Broadcasts

Abstract

Vehicular sidelink communications are essential to autonomous driving, yet broadcast reliability under distributed operation remains constrained by collisions and inefficient resource use. The third-generation partnership project (3GPP) has defined a new radio (NR) for vehicle-to-everything (V2X) Mode 2 for autonomous resource reservation and selection. An important challenge in the design of NR-V2X systems is the efficient allocation of resources. Resource allocation facilitates reliable communication between user equipment (UEs) and other network elements. A cooperative approach among UEs is required to ensure reliable resource allocation and communication in such networks. This paper presents cooperative resource status exchange (CRSE), a cooperative scheme that augments autonomous sidelink broadcasts by disseminating a compact resource status map in each packet. It significantly maximizes the packet reception ratio (PRR) and resource utilization. In addition, CRSE integrates game theory to provide a sophisticated method for analyzing and optimizing resource selection strategies among UEs. The analytical model and simulation results show that CRSE performs better than new radio NR-V2X Mode 2, UE-scheduling, and short-term sensing-based resource selection (STS-RS) in terms of PRR and successful transmission rate. The results show that CRSE improves the PRR by approximately 24.6%, 15.2%, and 12.3% over NR-V2X, UE-scheduling, and STS-RS, respectively. Furthermore, the results demonstrate the possibility of realizing the maximum value of PRR and a successful transmission rate.