The Application of Metal Sulfides in Sodium Ion Batteries

Abstract

The high demand for clean and renewable energy has fueled the exploration of advanced energy storage systems. As a potential alternative device for lithium ion batteries, sodium ion batteries (NIBs) have attracted extraordinary attention and are becoming a promising candidate for energy storage due to their low cost and high efficiency. Recent progress has demonstrated that metal sulfides (MSs) are very promising electrode candidates for efficient Na-storage devices, because of their excellent redox reversibility and relatively high capacity. In this review, recent developments of MSs as anode materials for NIBs are presented. The corresponding electrochemical mechanisms are briefly discussed. We also present critical issues, challenges, and perspectives with the hope of providing a fuller understanding of the associated electrochemical processes. Such an understanding is critical for tailoring and designing metal sulfides with the desired activity and stability.