Electrochemical characteristics of SnO2 and Sn/SnO2 composite powder for anode of lithium ion battery by aerosol flame deposition

Abstract

Recently, tin-based composite oxide materials have received considerable attention as a negative electrode for lithium-ion batteries. In this work, the aerosol flame deposition(AFD) technique was applied to synthesized nano-crystalline SnO2 powder from an aqueous precursor solution of the tin (IV) chloride. To produce Sn/SnO2 composite powders, as-synthesized SnO2 powder were heat-treated under 5% H2 and 95% Ar mixed gas atmosphere at a temperature of 600 oC for 1-4 h. The resulting samples were characterized by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), and electrochemical measurements. Electrochemical results showed that the Sn/SnO2 composite by heat-treated at a temperature of 600 oC for 1h has the best cycling behaviour among all the samples. This composite electrode exhibited an initial capacity of 1476 mAh g-1 in the range of 0.01 ?- 1.2 V and maintained a reversible capacity of above 327 mAh g-1 for more than 15 cycles. The Sn/SnO2 composite material may be considered as a candidate negative electrode for lithium-ion batteries.