미래시간지칭 연구 총론 ― 유형학적 및 문법화 이론적 접근

Abstract

This is a review on the studies on FUTURE from the perspective of typology and grammaticalization. We reviewed the studies of Bybee and Dahl, Chen, Qianrui and Shi, Yuzhi mainly. Both Bybee and Dahl regard ‘grams’ as the basic units of description in their research. Dahl(2000b) refers to the grammatical devices with which speakers of a language talk about the future as ‘future time reference(FTR)’. Bybee(1994) classifies future grams into ‘primary future’ and ‘aspectual future’. As for primary future grams, there are two common origins( agent-oriented modalities and movement verbs) and other rare ones(such as temporal adverbs, ‘ability’, ‘to begin’ and so on). As for aspectual future, it seems that more case studies are necessary. In the Chinese studies on FTR, Chen and Shi followed Bybee and Dahl's viewpoints and applied them to Chinese. According to Shi(2007), the main origins of primary future in Chinese are ‘intention(欲，要)’, movement verbs(來，去，行，且，回頭) and ‘to take(將)’. Chen(2008, 2012) studied the aspectual future marker ‘了’ in Chinese.