직접적 증거성과 추론적 증거성: 한국어의 '-더-'를 중심으로

Abstract

In this paper, I argue that Korean –te- is not an evidential marker which just requires the speaker’s direct perceptive evidence, as assumed by many previous studies, but it requires inference from direct perceptive evidence (Lim 2019, a.o.). I further propose that the inference required by -te- should also be based on the efficacious causal relation (Copley and Harley 2015, a.o.) between the event consisting in the speaker’s direct perceptive evidence and the event denoted by the prejacent of –te-. This proposal will explain the apparent variable evidentiality of –te- between direct perceptive evidentiality and inferential evidentiality, and other problems related to –te-, such as spatiotemporal ‘discontinuity’ between the situation where the event denoted by the prejacent of –te- occurs and the situation where the utterance occurs (c.f. Chung 2007), and the inferential aspect of –te- in various contexts. I also point out that this unique characteristics of –te- raises questions to, and requires the reconsideration of, the previous typology of evidentials.