Down syndrome with asymptomatic neuroglial cyst: A case report and review of the literature

Abstract

Down syndrome (DS, trisomy 21) is associated with neuroanatomical abnormalities, including choroid plexus cysts and vari-ous types of brain tumors. Trisomy 21 is associated with oncogenic factor, especially in brain tumor. The brain of DS patients had a smaller volume of gray and white matter and an unbalanced cerebellum volume, indicating a smaller volume overall than normal. We report a case of a DS male patient who had an incidentally discovered neuroglial cyst in left cerebellar ver-mis. He visited our hospital with gait disturbance and fatigue. But, the neurologic exam was normal. To the best of our knowl-edge, this is the ἀrst reported case of a neuroglial cyst in a trisomy 21 patient. As the developmental mechanisms of a cyst and the choroid plexus are related, more research is needed.