토론의 논거 발견과 수사학의 토포스 - 아리스토텔레스의 토포스를 중심으로-

Abstract

The fact that a debate should persuasively express itself's opinion allows the possibility of contribution from rhetoric in regard to the debate since rhetoric has an object of providing an adequate method of persuasion in any argument. Aristotle introduces three factors as a method of persuasion in rhetoric: Speakers ethos(character), audiences' pathos(emotion), and seeking logos which itself is an argument. And with these means he specifies through 5 norms of idea, expression, arrangement, presentation, and process of memory. Idea defines related issues, makes an opinion to support the position, and finds the evidence. In rhetoric's idea, there is a lot of duplication with the discovery of the basis of an argument in debate and provides a new idea in discovery of the basis of an argument which many debaters use. What is the most important to Aristotle in method of persuasion is 'logos which comes from the argument itself'. Therefore, in a situation where it is differentiated with dialectic, he discusses the rhetorical inference which is a unique method of persuasion of rhetoric. However, rhetorical inference is to do with argument method but not a practical content. It is necessary to have a premise or a basis of argument in rhetorical inference, and these are expressed as 말터, a sum of premisses, that is in other words topos. Topos has an original meaning of a 'place' which, in rhetoric, is a place where a speaker can look for the method of persuasion for application. Topos provides the available basis of arguments for different situations. This paper would discuss how topos, which plays a part of the basis of argument, contributes to the discovery of the basis of argument in debate.