New Clinical Grading Scales and Objective Measurement for Conjunctival Injection
- Authors
- Park, In Ki; Chun, Yeoun Sook; Kim, Kwang Gi; Yang, Hee Kyung; Hwang, Jeong-Min
- Issue Date
- Aug-2013
- Publisher
- ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC
- Keywords
- contrast-limited adaptive histogram equalization (CLAHE); conjunctival injection; objective measurement; standard photograph; clinical grading
- Citation
- INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE, v.54, no.8, pp 5249 - 5257
- Pages
- 9
- Journal Title
- INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE
- Volume
- 54
- Number
- 8
- Start Page
- 5249
- End Page
- 5257
- URI
- https://scholarworks.bwise.kr/cau/handle/2019.sw.cau/14445
- DOI
- 10.1167/iovs.12-10678
- ISSN
- 0146-0404
1552-5783
- Abstract
- PURPOSE. To establish a new clinical grading scale and objective measurement method to evaluate conjunctival injection. METHODS. Photographs of conjunctival injection with variable ocular diseases in 429 eyes were reviewed. Seventy-three images with concordance by three ophthalmologists were classified into a 4-step and 10-step subjective grading scale, and used as standard photographs. Each image was quantified in four ways: the relative magnitude of the redness component of each red-green-blue (RGB) pixel; two different algorithms based on the occupied area by blood vessels (K-means clustering with LAB color model and contrast-limited adaptive histogram equalization [CLAHE] algorithm); and the presence of blood vessel edges, based on the Canny edge-detection algorithm. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUCs) were calculated to summarize diagnostic accuracies of the four algorithms. RESULTS. The RGB color model, K-means clustering with LAB color model, and CLAHE algorithm showed good correlation with the clinical 10-step grading scale (R = 0.741, 0.784, 0.919, respectively) and with the clinical 4-step grading scale (R = 0.645, 0.702, 0.838, respectively). The CLAHE method showed the largest AUC, best distinction power (P < 0.001, ANOVA, Bonferroni multiple comparison test), and high reproducibility (R = 0.996). CONCLUSIONS. CLAHE algorithm showed the best correlation with the 10-step and 4-step subjective clinical grading scales together with high distinction power and reproducibility. CLAHE algorithm can be a useful for method for assessment of conjunctival injection.
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