문제중심학습에서 튜터의 인지적 역할유형에 따른 발문제공이 문제해결과 만족도에 미치는 효과

Abstract

본 연구에서는 성공적인 문제중심학습을 위해 요구되는 튜터의 인지적 역할 유형을 ‘정교화 촉진’, ‘학습과정 감독’, ‘지식통합 촉진’의 세 가지로 나누고 이들 각 유형에 따라 서로 다른 발문을 제시하였을 때, 문제해결을 위한 문제표상, 해결책 구안, 해결책 점검의 세 단계별로 학업성취도와 만족도에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 연구대상은 2주 동안 경기도 안산시 소재의 C주민센터와 H주민센터에서 정보화교육에 참여한 교육생 60명을 대상으로 하였다. 연구결과 문제표상단계에서는 ‘정교화 촉진’ 발문을 제공받은 집단이 다른 집단들에 비하여 유의미하게 높은 학업성취도를 나타냈으며 (F(2,19)=22.31, p < .01), 해결책 구안단계에서는 ‘지식통합 촉진’ 발문을 제공받은 집단이 다른 집단들에 비하여 유의미하게 높은 성취도가 나타났다 (F(2,19)=12.58, p < .01). 한편 튜터에 대한 집단간 만족도에서는 ‘지식통합 촉진’을 위한 발문을 제공받은 집단이 다른 집단들에 비하여 유의미하게 높은 점수를 나타냈다 (F(2,19)=10.77, p < .01).

There is a growing emphasis on the tutors’ cognitive roles that guide students’ difficulties in the process of problem solving in problem-based learning environments. Despite the importance of tutors’ roles, little research has been conducted to examine what roles tutor should provide and what questions should be employed to facilitate students learning. Thus, the purpose of this study is to examine the effects of tutors questions according to the types of cognitive roles(elaboration stimulator, learning process monitor, knowledge integration facilitator) on problem solving achievements and learners’ satisfaction. Participants were 60 adult learners who enrolled in a word office program that were designed based on a problem-based learning approach at a community center located at Ansan city, Gyeonggi province, in Korea. The results show that students who received questioning that stimulate elaboration showed significantly high scores than those in other groups at the stage of problem representation(F(2,19)=22.31, p < .01). Students who received questionings that stimulate knowledge integration showed significantly high scores than those in other groups at the stage of solution development(F(2,19)=12.58, p < .01). In addition, students who received questionings that stimulate knowledge integration showed significantly high scores on satisfaction survey than those in other groups at the stage of solution development(F(2,19)=10.77, p < .01).