예비 여성 창극인의 발성 특성: 5음을 중심으로

Abstract

Purpose: Reasonable phonation training of Pansori singers who participate in Changgeuk opera has been emphasized. Pansori singers sing alone, in line with the drum, and the variation of pentatonic scale output is great for each singer. On the other hand, in Changgeuk, five notes are standardized at an average rate (A4 = 440 Hz). Accordingly, this study tries to identify the characteristics of phonation of female Changgeuk apprentice opera singers on the equal temperament considering the singing environments of modern Changgeuk opera. Methods: The subjects were 13 female Changgeuk apprentice opera singers with an average age of 22.84 and 11.46 years of experience in Pansori. Aerodynamic, physiological, and acoustic characteristics of phonation were measured by PAS (phonatory aerodynamic analysis) and Vocal Assessment. Materials were composed in comfortable phonation and phonation with 5 notes (F4, G4, A4, C5, D5) with vowel . The comfortable phonation and phonation with 5 notes were used as independent variables and aerodynamic, physiological, and acoustic parameters were used as dependent variables. Results: The aerodynamic and physiological characteristics of the comfortable phonation and phonation with 5 notes were significantly different only in the EGG-NNE (electroglottography-normalized noise energy). Acoustic characteristics in Mean F0, SD F0, Shimmer, and NNE were significantly different in each phonation in the female vocal transition zone (A4, C5, D5), in particular at the highest note D5. Conclusions: It is inferred that female Changgeuk apprentice opera singers have difficulties in vocal transition, in particular at the highest note (D5). This suggests that this is a useful measure for efficient vocal transition including treble phonation and development of vocal training in Changgeuk opera singers.