4년근 미성숙 인삼열매 분획물의 약리학적 특성 및 치매 마우스 모델에서 인지능 개선효과

Abstract

In the present study, we aimed to determine whether the processed 4-year ginseng berry extract (SGF) hadpharmacological properties with improving learning and memory in an Aβ42-induced Alzheimer’s mouse model. Passiveavoidance test (PAT) and Morris water-maze test (MWMT) were performed after the administration with SGF, and assays(acetylcholine, ACh and Aβ) in the brain lysates were followed along with the glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)detection for the brain damage. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity and the gene expression (choline acetyltransferase(ChAT), vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)) in N2a cells wasfurther analyzed using Ellman’s and qPCR assays, respectively. Results demonstrated that SGF contained a high amountof 3 active ginsenosides (Rg3, Rg5 and F4) and significantly improved PAT and MWMT compared to Aβ42-inducedmouse model. Interestingly, AChE activity in the brain lysates was significantly reduced, whereas ACh amounts wasescalated in SGF groups. In addition, ChAT, VAChT and BDNF mRNAs were significantly upregulated in the presenceof a single Rg3, Rg5 and F4 as well as SGF. Taken together, these findings clearly suggest that SGF can participate inalleviating AD pathogenesis by preventing the brain damage and increasing ACh production which are primitiverequirements for a therapeutic candidate of Alzheimer’s disease.