노인과 장애인 거주시설의 화재안전 계획 및 피난 훈련 연구

Abstract

Assistive hospital facilities and residential facilities for the elderly and the disabled, it is important to develop fire safety requirements and assure safety and health of their residents. It is necessary to develop fire or emergency drill scenarios which describe various types of emergency events implying architectural layout, escape routes, preventive equipment, behavioral considerations of users and staffs for fire safety plan. The purpose of this study is to investigate fire preventive actions in elderly assistive hospital facilities and the residential facilities for the disabled, to identify barriers and difficulties in planning and implement fire/emergency drills in those facilities, and to suggest improvement for faire safety planning. For this study, questionnaires were distributed and collected through online and offline. A total of 260 questionnaires were collected and analyzed using SPSS 25. Employees in residential facilities for the disabled addressed difficulties in assisting the disabled residents to escape because of communication problems, their lack of awareness of emergent situation, and facility conditions. Although employees appeal more staff for emergent events, it is not feasible to have affluent staff members for emergency preparedness especially for night time. For the vulnerable people to fire or other type of disasters, facilities should have appropriate and adjacent escape areas for each floor, fire preventive materials and finish, and other fire detective and suppressive system devices. It is suggested that fire drill scenarios need to include various conditions such as architectural settings, user characteristics instead of an identical manual and to have educational and training materials for employees to understand their physical environment setting for escape route and risk management.