Risk Factor and Treatment of Vaginal Intraepithelial Neoplasia After Hysterectomy for Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia

Abstract

Objectives: The aim of the study were to identify the risk factors for recurrent vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia (VaIN)1+ and to evaluate the efficacy of laser vaporization in patients who underwent hysterectomy for the treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). Methods Medical records of 374 women who underwent hysterectomy for the treatment of CIN were retrospectively reviewed. Recurrence was defined as VaIN1+ diagnosis by colposcopy-directed biopsy. Results: Among 374 patients, 36 (9.6%) had VaIN1+ during a median follow-up of 32 (0-193) months: 13 (3.5%) had VaIN1, 6 (1.6%) VaIN2, 15 (4.0%) VaIN3, and 2 (0.5%) invasive cancer. Multivariate analysis showed that age of greater than 50 years was the only independent risk factor for VaIN1+ recurrence (odds ratio, 3.359; 95% CI, 1.60-7.07; p =.001). Among the 34 patients with VaIN, 21 (61.8%) were treated with laser vaporization and 11 (32.3%) were observed without treatment. Time to second recurrence was longer in the VaIN treated by laser vaporization group than that in the observation group (mean time to subsequent recurrence, 128.7 [95% CI, 101.4-156.0] vs. 41.8 [15.7-67.9] months; p =.003). Moreover, laser vaporization (hazard ratio, 0.125; 95% CI, 0.03-0.59; p =.009) was the only independent good prognostic factor for the second VaIN1+ recurrence. Conclusions: Patients older than 50 years who underwent hysterectomy for the treatment of CIN might be highly at risk of VaIN1+. Laser vaporization is the only independent prognostic factor that might prevent the second VaIN1+ recurrence. Copyright © 2021 The Author(s).