산업별 디지털 전환 갈등 지표 개발 연구

Abstract

제4차산업혁명시대, 우버ㆍ카풀에서 시작하여 카카오, 타다 사건으로 절정을 맞았던 도시여객운수업 갈등은 완전히 해소되지는 않았다. 그간 갈등을 다룬 공공행정 관련 기존 연구에서는 그 양상을 증폭되어 해소되어 가는 선형적인 틀 내에서 이해했으며 정성적 사례 분석이 주류를 이뤘다. 설문 기반 정량적 실증 연구들도 대개 개인이나 조직 내 갈등을 다뤘고, 나아가 디지털 전환 관련 조직 간 갈등을 분석한 연구는 없었다. 본 연구는 산업별 디지털 전환 갈등에 주목하고 갈등 상황의 변화를 측정하기 위한 방법으로 빈도, 강도, 강도 집중도 지표의 개발을 제안한다. 그리고 한국의 6대 산업을 대상으로 2003년 12월~2019년 6월까지 보도된 뉴스 본문을 수집하여 이 지표들을 측정하고 내ㆍ외적 타당성을 검증했다. 분석 결과 갈등 상황은 강도 수준의 변화를 볼 때 세부 단계가 반복, 순환하면서 비선형적으로 진화해갔다. 산업별 디지털 전환 갈등은 단순히 해소되는 대상이 아니라 관리해야 할 대상이다. 본 연구는 기존 연구의 연장선에서 산업별 디지털 전환 갈등을 빈도, 강도, 강도의 집중도만으로 측정했음에도 그 양상의 변화를 식별할 수 있는 가능성을 열었다는 점에서 기여가 있다.

The COVID-19 pandemic is compressively accelerating digital transformation that will take place over a long period of more than three years. Digital transformation conflicts in the urban passenger transport industry, which started with Uber and Carpool and culminated in the Tada incident, are also being managed, but have not been quieted down. So far, social conflicts have been understood within a linear framework of development in public administration or related fields, and qualitative case analysis has been the mainstream since it is a complex system with many stakeholders. Therefore, attempts at quantitative analysis in conjunction with techniques such as language network analysis are very rare. This study developed a method to quantitatively measure social conflicts by focusing on social conflicts related to digital transformation among social conflicts. In the conflict environment of Korea, as a method to quantitatively identify conflict patterns by industry, we propose a method to define the conflict frequency, intensity, and intensity concentration indicator in detail by mining texts collected through news scraping. In addition, results were derived through the experimental implementation of the indicators developed based on case studies, and internal and external validity were verified. Looking at the trend of changes in the conflict frequency index by industry, the industry as a whole shows an upward trend within the observation period. From 2013, it was observed that the pattern of the frequency of conflicts in digital transformation began to change in earnest. It is also observed to have a certain amplitude within the intensity index range within the observation period. The intensity of conflicts in digital transformation also took on a different phase since 2013. However, it has developed into a non-linear pattern which includes repeated particular patterns or a cycles of a certain oscillation. The degree of intensity was high in the wholesale/retail and catering and lodging industries. Even within most of the observation period, it was found that conflicts were somewhat concentrated from 2015 to 2016. In the case of the transportation industry, conflicts have been observed since 2013, a little earlier than other industries. From the results we conclude this study as follows. Rather than being linear in intensity, the conflict pattern has developed into a non-linear pattern in which the detailed steps of the level of development were repeated, oscillated, or circulated. Based on this, we argue that this conflict is not something that can be completely resolved, but rather something that needs to be managed in severity or intensity in the context of digital transformation technological innovation. In particular, in the era of digital transformation, where various industries are convergence and the boundaries are blurring (Big Blur) but the value chain is being differentiated (Un-bundling), cross-ministerial priorities (Cross) for fair competition between new and existing economic agents -Department Priority), in most cases, it is necessary to improve regulations based on the national strategy. It can be said that such regulatory reform requires a new approach that comprehensively rearranges the laws of various ministries at the same time. Although this process of regulatory reform entails a lot of pain, social consensus, coordination, and improvement efforts are required to accommodate macro-environmental changes and pursue long-term values ​​of the country. Therefore, the development of a conflict situation measurement index that will provide a basis for measuring such government policy improvement can contribute to effective conflict monitoring and evidence-based conflict management policy establishment.