Mesoporous platinum nanoparticles as a peroxidase mimic for the highly sensitive determination of C-reactive protein

Abstract

The generation of a mesoporous structure in platinum nanoparticles can effectively enhance physical and chemical properties. In this study, mesoporous platinum nanoparticles (MPNs) were synthesized by a soft template-mediated one-pot chemical method. To develop a mesoporous structure, Pluronic F-127 was employed. The Pluronic F-127 surfactant forms self-assembled micelles, and the micelles act as the pore-directing agents in the synthesis of nanoparticles. Scanning electron microscopy results revealed that the MPN had a uniform size of 70 nm on average and a distinct mesoporous structure. The development of a concave mesoporous structure on the surface of the MPNs can increase the surface area and facilitate the efficient transport of reactants. The synthesized MPNs exhibited peroxidase-like activity. Furthermore, the MPNs showed excellent catalytic efficiency compared to HRP, due to the high surface area derived from the presence of the mesoporous structure. The peroxidase-like MPNs were applied to the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) of C-reactive protein (CRP). The MPN-based ELISA exhibited sensitive CRP detection in the range from 0.24 to 7.8 ng/mL with a detection limit of 0.13 ng/mL. Moreover, the recoveries of the CRP concentrations in spiked human serum were 98.6% and 102%. These results demonstrate that as a peroxidase mimic, the MPNs can replace the natural enzymes in conventional ELISA for sensitive CRP detection.