Infected wound repair with an ultrasound-enhanced nanozyme hydrogel scaffold

Abstract

Chronic diabetic wounds persistently face the threat of evolving into diabetic foot ulcers owing to severe hypoxia, high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and a complex inflammatory microenvironment. To concurrently surmount these obstacles, we developed an all-round therapeutic strategy based on nanozymes that simultaneously scavenge ROS, generate O2 and regulate the immune system. First, we designed a dynamic covalent bond hybrid of a metal-organic coordination polymer as a synthesis template, obtaining high-density platinum nanoparticle assemblies (PNAs). This compact assembly of platinum nanoparticles not only effectively simulates antioxidant enzymes (CAT, POD) but also, under ultrasound (US), enhances electron polarization through the surface plasmon resonance effect, endowing it with the ability to induce GSH generation by effectively replicating the enzyme function of glutathione reductase (GR). PNAs, by mimicking the activity of CAT and POD, effectively catalyze hydrogen peroxide, alleviate hypoxia, and effectively generate GSH under ultrasound, further enhancing ROS scavenging. Notably, PNAs can regulate macrophage responses in the inflammatory microenvironment, circumventing the use of any additives. It was confirmed that PNAs can enhance cell proliferation and migration, promote neoangiogenesis in vitro, and accelerate the healing of infected diabetic wounds in vivo. We believe that an all-round therapeutic method based on PNA nanozymes could be a promising strategy for sustained diabetic wound healing. © 2023 The Royal Society of Chemistry