Influence of energy-transfer-upconversion on threshold pump power in quasi-three-level solid-state lasersopen access
- Authors
- Kim, Ji Won; Mackenzie, Jacob Isa; Clarkson, W. Andrew
- Issue Date
- Jul-2009
- Publisher
- Optical Society of America
- Citation
- Optics Express, v.17, no.14, pp.11935 - 11943
- Indexed
- SCIE
SCOPUS
- Journal Title
- Optics Express
- Volume
- 17
- Number
- 14
- Start Page
- 11935
- End Page
- 11943
- URI
- https://scholarworks.bwise.kr/erica/handle/2021.sw.erica/41028
- DOI
- 10.1364/OE.17.011935
- ISSN
- 1094-4087
- Abstract
- A simple analytical expression for threshold pump power in an end-pumped quasi-three-level solid-state laser, which takes into account the influence of energy-transfer-upconversion (ETU), is derived. This expression indicates that threshold pump power can be increased dramatically by ETU, especially in low gain lasers and lasers with pronounced three-level character due to the need for high excitation densities in the upper manifold to reach threshold. The analysis has been applied to an Er:YAG laser operating at 1645 nm in-band pumped by an Er, Yb fiber laser at 1532 nm. Predicted values for threshold pump power as a function of erbium doping concentration are in very good agreement with measured values. The results indicate that very low erbium doping levels (similar to 0.25 at.% or less) are required to avoid degradation in performance due to ETU even under continuous-wave lasing conditions in Er:YAG. (C) 2009 Optical Society of America
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