예수회 순찰사 발리냐노의 역할과 일본의 기독교 금교령

Abstract

예수회 순찰사 발리냐노의 과제와 역할을 포교와 방침, 학교설립, 나가사키양도문제, 로마 소년사절단 파견을 중점적으로 정리하였다. 이와 관련하여 일본의 기독교 금지정책과의 관련을 분석하였다.

Padore Visitador Valignano and the Restriction on propagation of the Christian religion in Japan focusing on International Trade The Christian religion in Japan had been introduced by Francisco Xavier arrived at Gagoshima in 1549. Just 1% of the Christians are Japanese, 500 thousands of them are Catholics. The introduction in Japan was earlierthan in China, led to spread for the purpose of international trade. It was the time when the Christian were widely spread throughout history by the help of the missionary work of Visitador Valignano taking a leading role for directing toward adapting the Society of Jesus in East Asia. He had implemented the localization of his religious propagation applying for the Japanese customs and culture. He had brought the western style of education system and promoted it to Vice Provincia, as well as sent four students to the Pope in Rome. It was Toyotomi Hideyosi who set the policy to restrict The Christian religion and kick the missionaries out of Japan by the deportation order. However, back then, the number of the Christian had been increased, since the unified government had tried to manage the gain from trade by controlling the missionaries. The restriction could have been possible, after they found Netherlands as a trade partner. It means, the restriction in Japan, focusing on the trade, had been quite different from the restriction in Chosun or in China. The control over the spreading the religion could have been successful, because of their allowing the trade with Netherlands just in the bounded area called "Dejima" since 1640.