Targeting the insulin-like growth factor receptor and Src signaling network for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer
- Authors
- Min, Hye-Young; Yun, Hye Jeong; Lee, Ji-Sun; Lee, Hyo-Jong; Cho, Jaebeom; Jang, Hyun-Ji; Park, Shin-Hyung; Liu, Diane; Oh, Seung-Hyun; Lee, J. Jack; Wistuba, Ignacio I.; Lee, Ho-Young
- Issue Date
- 4-Jun-2015
- Publisher
- BMC
- Keywords
- Insulin-like growth factor receptor; Src; Linsitinib; Lung cancer
- Citation
- MOLECULAR CANCER, v.14
- Journal Title
- MOLECULAR CANCER
- Volume
- 14
- URI
- https://scholarworks.bwise.kr/gachon/handle/2020.sw.gachon/10410
- DOI
- 10.1186/s12943-015-0392-3
- ISSN
- 1476-4598
- Abstract
- Background: Therapeutic interventions in the insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF-1R) pathway were expected to provide clinical benefits; however, IGF-1R tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have shown limited antitumor efficacy, and the mechanisms conveying resistance to these agents remain elusive. Methods: The expression and activation of the IGF-1R and Src were assessed via the analysis of a publicly available dataset, as well as immunohistochemistry, Western blotting, RT-PCR, and in vitro kinase assays. The efficacy of IGF-1R TKIs alone or in combination with Src inhibitors was analyzed using MTT assays, colony formation assays, flow cytometric analysis, and xenograft tumor models. Results: The co-activation of IGF-1R and Src was observed in multiple human NSCLC cell lines as well as in a tissue microarray (n = 353). The IGF-1R and Src proteins mutually phosphorylate on their autophosphorylation sites. In high-pSrc-expressing NSCLC cells, linsitinib treatment initially inactivated the IGF-1R pathway but led a Src-dependent reactivation of downstream effectors. In low-pSrc-expressing NSCLC cells, linsitinib treatment decreased the turnover of the IGF-1R and Src proteins, ultimately amplifying the reciprocal co-activation of IGF-1R and Src. Co-targeting IGF-1R and Src significantly suppressed the proliferation and tumor growth of both high-pSrc-expressing and low-pSrc-expressing NSCLC cells in vitro and in vivo and the growth of patient-derived tissues in vivo. Conclusions: Reciprocal activation between Src and IGF-1R occurs in NSCLC. Src causes IGF-1R TKI resistance by acting as a key downstream modulator of the cross-talk between multiple membrane receptors. Targeting Src is a clinically applicable strategy to overcome resistance to IGF-1R TKIs.
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