Mechanistic insights into pancreatic beta-cell mass regulation by glucose and free fatty acids
- Authors
- Oh, Yoon Sin
- Issue Date
- Mar-2015
- Publisher
- MEDRANG
- Keywords
- Glucose; Free fatty acids; Beta-cell mass regulation; Proliferation; Apoptosis
- Citation
- ANATOMY & CELL BIOLOGY, v.48, no.1, pp.16 - 24
- Journal Title
- ANATOMY & CELL BIOLOGY
- Volume
- 48
- Number
- 1
- Start Page
- 16
- End Page
- 24
- URI
- https://scholarworks.bwise.kr/gachon/handle/2020.sw.gachon/10749
- DOI
- 10.5115/acb.2015.48.1.16
- ISSN
- 2093-3665
- Abstract
- Pancreatic islets are responsible for blood glucose homeostasis. Reduced numbers of functional (insulin-secreting) beta-cells in pancreatic islets underlies diabetes. Restoration of the secretion of the proper amount of insulin is a goal. Beta-cell mass is increased by neogenesis, proliferation and cell hypertrophy, and is decreased by beta-cell death primarily through apoptosis. Many hormones and nutrients affect beta-cell mass, and glucose and free fatty acid are thought to be the most important determinants of beta-cell equilibrium. A number of molecular pathways have been implicated in beta-cell mass regulation and have been studied. This review will focus on the role of the principle metabolites, glucose and free fatty acid, and the downstream signaling pathways regulating beta-cell mass by these metabolites.
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