郭廷以의 近代中國論과 臺灣의 文化冷戰

Abstract

The purpose of this article is to analyze scholarly activities of Guo Ting Yi(郭廷以), a Taiwanese historian, presenting a multidimensional composition of cultural relationship between America and Taiwan during the Cold War era. For this purpose, I tracked Guo’s academic background and personal connections and then investigated his attitude, responses, and roles in research projects of the Institute of Modern History(近代史硏究所) supported by the Ford Foundation. Lastly, I attempted to show cultural relationship to America reflected in his views of modern Chinese history through identifying the characteristics of the views by phases. The results of this analysis are as follows. First, Guo inherited study in historical materials and modern concept of history from Luo Jia Lun(羅家倫) and Jiang Ting Fu(蔣廷黻), but also was affected by the academic traditions of his school Dongnan University(東南大學) called cultural conservatism. His inclination of cultural conservatism caused him to put emphasis on traditions in the course of modernization and strictly distinguished between political reality and study. Second, given his scholarly activities, the cultural relationship between the Ford Foundation and the Institute of Modern History were formed and operated from intricate connections of expectations and interests of the both and realistic situations. Such cultural relationship was clearly revealed in inflow and acceptance of the theory of modernization from America, projects of information release of the KMT and the CCP, and projects for constructing academic networks. Third, out of his three-phases’ views on modern Chinese history of Guo, the second phase showed cultural relationship to America with most clearness. He presented his own views on modern Chinese history in earnest with logic of ‘era environment―adaptation’. His views on modern Chinese history might serve as logic of response and reaction to discussion of the theory of modernization that began to be full-fledgedly accepted with formation of cultural relationship to America.