Field-Effect Transistors Based on Organic and Carbon-Based Materials for Chemical and Biological Sensors

Abstract

Electronic sensors have been considered as essential elements for chemical and biological detection in a standalone miniaturized form or in a fully integrated system. The field-effect transistor based on organic material is an emerging device that has drawn tremendous attention because of its many beneficial features such as light weight, mechanical flexibility, facile chemical modification, and low-cost processes. Given the progress in related fields-e.g., organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs), organic photovoltaics (OPVs), and organic thin film transistors (OTFTs)-the appropriate coupling of these technologies with sensors is actively expanding, with new ideas and experimental approaches. To reach the ultimate goal of high performance in terms of sensitivity, selectivity, stability, and response time, many concepts have been proposed. This review article summarizes recent research activities on chemical and biological field-effect transistors sensors based on organic and carbon materials. In particular, we highlight the different levels of performance obtained using a variety of organic semiconducting materials.